Electric heating system operating by heat radiation



B. JASPERS July 11, 1939.

ELECTRIC HEATING SYSTEM OPERATING BY HEAT RADIATION Filed June 28, 1935b Snvencor Bernhard flaspers Patented July 11, 1939 UNITED STATESELECTRIC HEATING SYSTEM OPERATING BY HEAT RADIATION Bernhard Jasper-s,Mannheim-Kafertal, Germany Application June 28, 1935, Serial No. 28,914In Germany April 27, 1932 3 Claims.

This invention relates to an improved electric heating system suitablefor dwellings, factories, hospitals and the like and in which the heatis transmitted by radiation through still air rather than by convectionof circulation of air. Heating by convection is uneconomical and isassociated with an objectionable raising of dust. The air in the room orspace is further inclined to be dry and at windows and other points ofthe room objectionable draughts occur. According to this invention avery efiective electric heating system is obtained which operates byheat radiation and is free of danger so that no fire or unhealthy effeetcan result from any short circuit in the heating elements or in thewiring thereof.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention I have shown certainembodiments in the 'accompanying drawing in which:

Figure 1 illustrates a floor heating unit employing a wire netting towhich current from a transformer is supplied.

Figure 2 shows a ceiling heating element supplied Irom a converter.

Figure 3 shows a floor heater embodied in a carpet.

Figure 4 a room heater in the form of a metal globe, which alsofunctions as a lighting element, and 3 Figure 5 is a perspective view ofa room in which the various forms of heaters are shown in combination.

It is an important feature of this invention that there is a strictseparation electrically of 35 the heater elements from the supplycircuit or source of electric current and moreover the conductorsforming the heating elements have a low ohmic resistance and aresupplied with a current of such low voltage that these conductors,

40 forming the heating elements, are kept at a temperature only veryslightly in excess of the desired room temperature. Hot stufllness whichis a characteristic of the usual convection heating systems, iscompletely avoided.

45 In the form of the invention according to Figure 1 the floor b of aroom C (see Figure 5) is covered with an extensive heating sheetcomprising a fine metal mesh w. This metal mesh w is connected on itstwo parallel sides with flat 50 copper bars s which are in turnconnected to the two terminals of the secondary of a transformer t.

The metal mesh or conductor may clearly be insulated or un-insulatedfrom the floor. In accordance with Figure 2 a wood plate or board d is.5 attached to the ceiling and on its face, forming a panel, directedtowards the interior of the room the panel is sprayed with a metal sprayforming a metallic conducting surface w (Figures 2 and 5). The strips 1indicate interruptions in the metal coating w, so that the current flows5 from a generator g driven by a motor m by way of the terminals k, W,as indicated by the arrow 1/. The resistance of the path of the currentmay be altered by altering the number of the interruptions so as toincrease or decrease the 10 length of the said path.

In Figure 3 the floor b is covered by a carpet in which bars or wires71. are interwoven. The ends of the wires are connected by fiat bars sto a condenser g. 5

In Figure 4, a hollow metal globe is provided as the heat radiation. Arectifier q is arranged within the globe and the secondary of thisrectifier is connected at two opposite points of the globe, as at n and11 For the purpose of using the globe as the illuminating lamp for theroom, neon tubes 11. or the like may be mounted on the globe. Thecurrent source of these tubes is not shown in the drawing as it may bearranged in any well known manner.

The general arrangement of the room shown in Figure 5 shows severalseparate heating meshes w, w, w w" with a conducting rail or barindicated by a thick line so that the current from one terminal of atransformer 25 fiows through the individual meshes 10 w M, 1.0 to theother terminal. The ceiling heater w is also-connected to thistransformer t. In some cases the invention may be applied in the form ofscreenssuch as screen 0 which is constructed with panels and connectedto the current source in accordance with this invention.

What I claim is:

1. An electric room-heating system, comprising heating sheets disposedon an inner bounding surface of the room to be heated and presenting acomparatively large heating surface. said sheets having a flat metalbody consisting of a material of low ohmic resistance and beingtransversely extensive with respect to the direction of the current flowso as to constitute a multitude of juxtaposed and parallel currentpaths, and means for connecting each of said heating sheets with anenergizing circuit, said means having a lowvoltage output circuitinsulated from said energizing circuit and connected with said metalbody, said connecting means and said body being designed to maintainsaid sheet at a temperature slightly above the desired room temperature.66

2. In an electric room heating system according to claim 1, said heatingsheets being placed on the floor of the room to be heated and covering asubstantial portion of said floor. and said metal body consisting of awire mesh and having terminal bars extending along two opposite edges ofsaid wire mesh and having a larger cross section than the wires of saidmesh.

3. In an electric room heating system according to claim 1, said heatingsheets comprising a flat panel and said metal body consisting 01' a thinmetal coating deposited on said panel and having interruptions so as tolengthen the current paths formed by said coating.

BERNHARD JASPERS.

